The Book of Mormon is the foundational book of scripture of the LDS
church. Their claim is that it is the most correct book on earth
and that it contains the fullness of the everlasting gospel.
Strangely it says nothing of their basic doctrine of eternal
progression, on which all their other teachings rest. And it
contradicts their present teachings on deity (see
Contradictions in Mormon Scriptures ).
This article discusses the origin and translation of the Book of
Mormon, as well as the testimonies of the so-called witnesses that
appear in the front of this book. Three of these witnesses testified
that they had seen the engraved gold plates from which it was
supposed to have been translated, and eight others testified that
not only had they seen them, but that they had also handled them.
However, their testimonies (that were written by Joseph Smith) were
a deliberate, premeditated misrepresentation of the facts. And
after an in-depth investigation the only conclusion one can arrive
at is that the Book of Mormon was yet another of Joseph Smith's
incredible deceptions, as were the testimonies signed by all the
witnesses.
WHAT THE BOOK OF MORMON IS ABOUT
The Book of Mormon is a supposed historical account of the early
inhabitants of the Americas, spanning the period 600 BC to 400
AD. It tells of two groups of people who migrated to the American
continent. The first group came from Babel but perished because
of their wickedness. The second group consisted of Jews from
Jerusalem who formed two tribes, the Nephites and the Lamanites.
Christ gave the Nephites the power of baptism, communion and the
priesthood. However, the Lamanites destroyed them in AD 428.
Because of their sinfulness, the Lamanites were cursed with a
dark skin, and later became known as the American Indians.
THE GOLD PLATES
Joseph Smith's story is that God sent an angel named Moroni to tell
him about some gold plates buried nearby, that had been inscribed
with the history of the ancient Americas. However, he was not
permitted to take possession of them until four years later. Then
on the 22nd September, 1827 he claims they were finally released to
him by this same angel, together with the Urim and Thummim (two
stones in silver bows fastened to a breastplate), for the purpose
of translation.
TRANSLATING THE BOOK OF MORMON
Joseph Smith's wife, Emma, was the first to serve as his scribe.
And she maintained that he never looked at the gold plates
during his translation. In a note to their son, Joseph Smith III,
she stated:
"I frequently wrote day after day, often sitting at the table
close by him, he sitting with his face buried in his hat, with the
stone in it, and dictating hour after hour with nothing between us.
" (History of the RLDS Church, 8 volumes (Independence,
Missouri: Herald House, 1951), "Last Testimony of Sister
Emma," 3:356.)
Emma's father, Isaac Hale, recorded the following in an affidavit:
"The manner in which he pretended to read and interpret, was
the same as when he looked for the money-diggers, with a stone in
his hat, and his hat over his face, while the Book of Plates were at
the same time hid in the woods." (Affidavit of Isaac Hale dated
March 20, 1834, cited in Rodger I. Anderson's, "Joseph Smith's
New York Reputation Re-examined," [Salt Lake City: Signature
Books, 1990], pages 126-128.)
David Whitmer was one of the three witnesses to the Book of Mormon.
Most of the translating was done in his home. And he describes in
detail the method used by Smith:
"Joseph Smith would put the seer stone into a hat, and put his
face in the hat, drawing it closely around his face to exclude the
light; and in the darkness the spiritual light would shine. A piece
of something resembling parchment would appear, and under it was
the interpretation in English. Brother Joseph would read off the
English to Oliver Cowdery, who was his principal [sic] scribe, and
when it was written down and repeated to brother Joseph to see if
it was correct, then it would disappear, and another character with
the interpretation would appear. Thus the Book of Mormon was
translated by the gift and power of God, and not by any power of
man." ("An Address to All Believers in Christ," page
12.) (Elder Russell M. Nelson, Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, used
this same quote in his article, "A Treasured Testament,"
Ensign, July, 1993, page 62.)
There is plenty of other evidence available, all along the same
lines, that makes it clear that Joseph Smith "translated"
the Book of Mormon by placing his head inside his hat and peering
at his occultic stone. Not only did he not look at these
elusive gold plates himself during his "translation," but
nobody else ever saw them either. Those who had originally
testified that they had seen them readily admitted that it had
only been with their spiritual eyes, in a sort of a vision.
The LDS habitually sanitizes unpalatable truths from their past.
And in their illustrations of Joseph Smith translating the Book of
Mormon they invariably show the gold plates laying directly in
front of him on the table whilst he examines them. This gives one
the false impression that he actually translated the Book of Mormon
from engravings on gold plates. However, his scribes testified
that this was not how the translating was done. Furthermore, he
used the same occultic seer stone in his translation of the Book
of Mormon that he had used earlier on when he had deceived his
previous victims by conniving them into believing that he could
divine the whereabouts of supposed hidden treasure for a fee.
That was how he'd "earned" his living in pre-LDS days.
And he freely admitted that he used this same seer stone to
receive his supposed revelations from God.
THE WITNESSES
There are two sets of witnesses mentioned in the foreword of
the Book of Mormon, one of three and another of eight.
The impression is given that they actually saw the engraved gold
plates with their own eyes. But that's not what happened. When
Smith broached the subject of using their testimonies to promote
the Book of Mormon, they knew that they would have to see the
plates by faith, as he'd warned them that nobody was allowed to
look at them for fear of being struck dead.
"The History of the Church" records that the first two
attempts of the three witnesses ended in failure. As Martin
Harris felt that he was to blame for not being sufficiently
sanctified, he withdrew from the group. After he'd gone Oliver
Cowdery and David Whitmer each managed to have a vision of the
gold plates. Then a few days later Martin Harris was finally
able to conjure up a vision as well. But it should be noted that
in spite of the testimonies they had signed, in published
interviews and notarized affidavits the witnesses freely
admitted to only having seen the plates by faith with
"second sight," or with their spiritual eyes, and
then only after much struggling.
According to the testimony of a Mr. Stephen Burnett given a
bit further on, at first neither of the groups wanted to sign
their testimonies, which had been composed by Joseph Smith.
Their reluctance was due to the fact that Smith's wording gave
the impression that they had actually physically seen the
gold plates, which was not the case at all. But he eventually
managed to persuade them to sign, anyway.
This sort of deliberate, manipulative deception would never
be tolerated in a politician or anyone else in public
leadership, and surely one should expect an even higher
standard of integrity in a spiritual leader. Instead of being
their inspiration for transparency, truthfulness and
righteousness, Joseph Smith deliberately persuaded members of
his church, who were under his spiritual guidance and care,
to join him in his deception, against their wills.
Because the combined testimonies of both the groups that are
printed in the front of the Book of Mormon were a deliberate,
premeditated, connived deception, they are not worth the paper
they are written on. And if the truth had been told right at
the start, it is doubtful whether anybody would have believed
Smith's story about the angel Moroni and the gold plates; and
the Book of Mormon would most likely never have got off the
ground.
As it is, there is no proof at all that the Book of Mormon had
been engraved upon solid plates of gold. Nor is there any proof
either that an angel named Moroni had ever appeared to him. We
only have the word of Joseph Smith himself. And as deception
seems to have been his chosen way of life, his word is highly
suspect. Quite apart from his obvious lack of integrity, his
spiritual claims need to be considered with a great deal of
caution on the grounds of his long standing involvement with
the occult. (See An Insider's View of Mormon Origins,
by LDS seminary teacher Grant Palmer; Joseph Smith and
Kabbalah: The Occult Connection by Lance S. Owens;
Early Mormonism and the Magic World View, by D.
Michael Quinn; No Man Knows My History by Fawn M.
Brodie; Mormonism Unvailed, by Ed Howe, etc).
Here's what the three witnesses had to say about their
testimonies:
David Whitmer:
Zenas Gurley interviewed David Whitmer in 1885, and asked if
he knew if the plates were real metal. Whitmer answered that
he had not touched or handled them. He was then asked if the
table they were on was literal wood or if the whole thing was a
vision. Whitmer replied that the table had the appearance of
literal wood as shown in the vision, in the glory of God (Zenas
H. Gurley, Jr., Interview with David Whitmer on January 14,
1885.)
David Whitmer later gave the following testimony:
"If you believe my testimony to the Book of Mormon; if you
believe that God spake to us three witnesses by his own voice, then
I tell you that in June, 1838, God spake to me again by his own
voice from the heavens, and told me to 'separate myself from among
the Latter-day Saints, for as they sought to do unto me, so should
it be done unto them'. In the spring of 1838, the heads of the
church and many of the members had gone deep into error and
blindness. I had been striving with them for a long time to show
them the errors into which they were drifting, and for my labors
I received only persecutions." (Address to All Believers in
Christ, page 2.)
Oliver Cowdery:
From the following verse of poetry printed in the LDS publication,
"Times and Seasons," Volume 2, page 482:20, it would
appear that Cowdery later denied his testimony of the Book of
Mormon:
"Or prove that Christ was not the Lord
Because that Peter cursed and swore?
Or Book of Mormon not his word
Because denied, by Oliver?"
After Cowdery had left the LDS church, he joined the Methodist
Protestant Church of Tiffin, Seneca County, Ohio. An extract from
an affidavit by G. J. Keen in 1885 reads as follows:
"At that time he arose and addressed the audience present,
admitted his error and implored forgiveness, and said he was sorry
and ashamed of his connection with Mormonism. He continued his
membership while he resided in Tiffin, and became Superintendent of
the Sabbath-School, and led an exemplary life while he resided with
us." (Shook 1914, pages 58-59).
Keen went on to say that there were minutes of a church meeting in
Oliver's handwriting and signed by him still in existence, at the
Methodist Church in Tiffin, Ohio. (Gunn 1942, 124).
However, it seems that the LDS somehow managed to persuade Cowdery
to return to their church, but after only for a few weeks he left
again, this time for good. He later died at the home of David
Whitmer, who had also left. Contrary to LDS claims, Whitmer makes
it clear that Cowdery died believing that Joseph was a fallen
prophet, and that the Doctrine and Covenants contained false
revelations ("An Address to All Believers in Christ,"
1887, pages. 1, 2).
Oliver Cowdery and David Whitmer were simple, gullible men who
like so many others, had fallen under the spell of the charisma
and persuasiveness of Joseph Smith.
Martin Harris
Martin Harris admitted that the official story of the Three
Witnesses was inaccurate. He said:
"I never saw the golden plates, only in a visionary or
entranced state. I wrote a great deal of the Book of Mormon myself,
as Joseph Smith translated or spelled the words out in English.
Sometimes the plates would be on a table in the room in which
Smith did the translating, covered over with a cloth. I was told
by Smith that God would strike him dead if he attempted to look
at them, and I believed it. When the time came for the three
witnesses to see the plates, Joseph Smith, myself, David Whitmer
and Oliver Cowdery went into the woods to pray. When they had
engaged in prayer, they failed at the time to see the plates or
the angel who should have been on hand to exhibit them. They all
believed it was because I was not good enough, or in other words,
not sufficiently sanctified. I withdrew. As soon as I had gone
away, the others saw the angel and the plates. In about three
days I went into the woods to pray that I might see the plates.
While praying I passed into a state of entrancement, and in that
state I saw the angel and the plates." (Anthony
Metcalf,"Ten Years Before the Mast, n.d.," microfilm copy,
pages 70-71.)
Stephen Burnett explained in a letter that when he realized that the
witnesses to the Book of Mormon had only seen the gold plates in an
imaginary way, he decided to leave the LDS church:
" ..... but when I came to hear Martin Harris state in public
that he never saw the plates with his natural eyes only in vision
and imagination, neither Oliver nor David; also that the eight
witnesses never saw them; hesitated to sign that instrument
for that reason, but were persuaded to do it, the last pedestal
gave away ... the reasons why I took the course which I was
resolved to do, and renounced the Book of Mormon. I was followed
by W. Parrish, Luke Johnson, and John Boynton, all of who concurred
with me, after we were done speaking M. Harris arose and said he
was sorry for any man who rejected the Book of Mormon for he knew
it was true, he said he had hefted the plates repeatedly in a box
with only a tablecloth or handkerchief over them, but he never saw
them, only as he saw a city through a mountain. And said that he
never should have told that the testimony of the eight was false,
if it had not been picked out of [him] but should have let it
passed as it was." (Stephen Burnett Letter, as quoted in
Persuitte's "Joseph Smith and the Origins of the Book of
Mormon," page 47.) (Italics inserted by writer.)
Wayne C. Gunnell, in his 1955 Brigham Young University thesis on
Martin Harris, quotes a letter written in 1844 by Phineas Young to
Brigham Young:
"Martin Harris is a firm believer in Shakerism, says his
testimony is greater than it was of the Book of Mormon"
("Martin Harris - Witness and Benefactor to the Book of
Mormon," Wayne C. Gunnell, BYU Thesis, 1955, page 52).
"...witnesses of the Book of Mormon who handled the plates and
conversed with the angels of God were afterwards left to doubt and
to disbelieve that they had ever seen an angel." (LDS President
and Prophet, Brigham Young, Journal of Discourses,
Volume 7, page 164)
CONCLUSION
All the witnesses from both the groups, except for Martin Harris,
were closely related to one another, suggesting the likelihood of
collusion. The first four of the group of eight witnesses were
the brothers of David Whitmer (who was one of the three witnesses).
The other four witnesses were Joseph Smith's father, his two
brothers, Hyrum and Samuel, all of whom had been involved in the
occult, and Hiram Page, who was married to the Whitmer's sister,
Catherine. Oliver Cowdery, one of the three witnesses, was married
to another Whitmer sister, Elizabeth.
Mormons need to understand that the testimonies printed in the
front of the Book of Mormon are a misrepresentation of the truth.
Not a single one of the witnesses, or anybody else, for that
matter, ever actually saw the gold plates. So we have no way
of knowing whether or not they really existed. All we have is the
word of Joseph Smith, and his deliberate deception regarding the
wording of the witnesses' testimonies indicates that he is not a
man whose word can be trusted. This conclusion is backed up by the
fact that prior to starting up the LDS church, he had
"earned" his living by deception. (Details are given in
the article, "The Book of Mormon Exposed," a link to
which is provided at the bottom of this page.)
Furthermore, it would be utterly ridiculous for God to send an
angel to give Joseph the golden plates, instruct him to translate
the inscriptions on them, and then forbid him to ever look at
them for fear of being struck dead. For people to have believed
such a ludicrous, far fetched story indicates that he must have
had tremendous charisma and persuasiveness, as well as a fertile
imagination.
In spite of the fact that Joseph didn't place any value on
integrity when it came to himself, he had a low opinion of at least
four of the eleven witnesses. In the History of the Church,
Volume 3:232, he wrote:
"Such characters as McLellin, John Whitmer, David Whitmer,
Oliver Cowdery and Martin Harris, are too mean to mention; and we
had liked to have forgotten them."
Apparently the witnesses were in constant trouble with the church,
and were at various times accused of lying, stealing,
counterfeiting, apostasy and fraudulent business activities.
Yet Smith had chosen this type of person to testify
to the existence of the gold plates. Hmm.
In order for these witnesses to have been credible, bearing in mind
the fantastic nature of Joseph Smith's story about the gold plates,
they should have been outstanding men of known integrity and good
reputation, with independent mindsets. But instead the whole set
up here is very suspicious. Furthermore, by 1847 not a single
one of the surviving eleven witnesses was still in the LDS
church. Five of them had joined the Church of Christ started by
William McLellin, and Oliver Cowdery had indicated he was supportive
of this group, although he never joined. (c/f D. Michael Quinn,
"The Mormon Hierarchy — Origins of Power," Signature
Books, 1994).
After careful consideration of all the facts, and bearing in mind
that no proof has ever been found to verify that the advanced
civilization described in the Book of Mormon ever actually existed
(and also because important information it contains has been
disproved); it is obvious that the Book of Mormon is not what it
is claimed to be.
In order to get this conclusion into its right perspective, we need
to compare the lack of proof of the legitimacy of the Book of Mormon
with the mass of evidence available that proves the accuracy of the
Bible. Although the Book of Mormon disparages the Bible and the LDS
continually throws stones at it, insisting that it is full of errors
and omissions (because it contradicts their doctrines), literally
every time an archeologist digs a hole in Israel he comes up with
still more evidence confirming the truthfulness of the biblical
record. And nothing has ever been discovered that indicates that
there is anything in the Bible that is incorrect. On the other hand,
in spite of false claims to the contrary, no evidence has ever been
discovered that proves the Book of Mormon to be what it claims to
be. And conversely, there is as great deal of evidence that proves
it to have been nothing more than a work of religious fiction,
written during the same time period as that in which Joseph Smith
had lived.
All reputable archeologists agree that it would have been
impossible for the type of civilization described in the Book of
Mormon to have existed, without leaving a massive amount of
evidence behind, that would have been discovered a long time ago.
But despite a great deal of effort, not a single shred of evidence
has ever come to light.
Do you think for one moment, that if there was any likelihood of
the Book of Mormon being what it is claimed to be, that the world,
and in particular the authorities on the American continent, would
cast it aside in the way that they have done? Bear in mind the
big fuss caused by, and ongoing attention given to the Dead Sea
Scrolls. Conversely, there is not a single expert in the entire
world (other than those who are members of the LDS church) who
gives any credence at all or is even remotely interested in the
Book of Mormon.
The following lead will take you to an article containing
testimonies of experts in the field of Egyptology, who have
declared the Book of Abraham, also supposedly translated by
Joseph Smith, to be fraudulent, as well as an article that
proves the Book of Mormon to have been a work of fiction:
The Book of Abraham and its Rejection by Egyptologists
The Book of Mormon Exposed
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you will arrive at a comprehensive index of fully referenced
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